Political and Economic Effect on Mass Media - 1902 Words

PAt the beginning of XXI century communication processes perform an important role in regulation of state and economic interests. The modern world of information builds its own priorities, based on new types of opportunities of the media and media content. Media content are messages produced by mass media such as Internet, newspapers, magazines, books, video entertainments and television. People have great opportunities of getting information they need in short time. Mass media are important functions of political literacy of citizens and an important channel of political communication (Louw,2010). Without Internet, television, newspapers and magazines, even well-educated people can not properly navigate the complex mosaic of conflicting†¦show more content†¦The Chinese Government blocked access to Google due to the top popularity among users (BBCnews, 2002). Political actions between specific countries and the hostile international relations, which later can be a part of th e history, are important factors that can affect media content. As example might be used an impact of terrorism on mass media. Terrorism is an action of using violence, danger to fright or to force usually for political interest ( Seib and Janbek, 2011). The terrorist attack that killed nearly 3000 people at the World Trade Center and Pentagon on 11th September 2001 and declaration of the war in Afganistan (BBC, n.d.) influenced media in a whole world. When George W. Bush blamed Al Qaida terrorist network created by Osama bin Laden about 9/11 attack ( Seib and Janbek, 2011), the media oozed hatred calling for anti Arab and Muslim people. The word â€Å"Jidahist† was highlighted in newspapers. As P. Bergen and J. Rowland wrote, the meaning of the word â€Å"Jidahist† is terrorist associated with or motivated by Al Qaeda (Bergen amp; Rowland, 2012). Sumbul Ali-Karamali in the CNN blog wrote a post about American Muslim’s lives in fear after 9/11 2001 (Ali-Kamaral i, 2012). These political-historical time and religion prejudice became the main motivation in 2010 to create a Bollywood movie with the famous actor Shahrukh Khan called â€Å"My name is Khan† (MNIK, n.d.). This movie is about postShow MoreRelatedMass Media Concepts1359 Words   |  6 PagesMASS MEDIA AND SOCIETY (2) The concept of ‘mass’ The ideas of ‘mass society’ date from the 1940s but before that time, since the19th century, there have been different ideas of what ‘mass’ means. One use of the term ‘mass’ was negative to refer to the mass of people or the ‘common people’ – who were seen as uneducated, ignorant, unruly or violent. ‘Mass’ could also be used in a positive sense as in ‘mass movement’ – such as trade unionism, socialism, or working class solidarity againstRead MoreMass Medi A Powerful Instrument Of Social Control887 Words   |  4 PagesThe mass media refers to means of communicating with large numbers of people without direct personal contract. The mass media is a major source of information and ideas. Theses can shape people’s attitudes and so some degree directs their behaviour. Mass media in this modern time industrial society is a powerful instrument of social control. Newspaper and television broadcasting are all under mass media, the internet was introduced globally by Tim Berners-Lee who can up the idea of www which meansRead MoreHow Far Do The Media Influence Your Own Sense Of Personal Identity And Self Definition?1306 Words   |  6 PagesHow far do the media influence our opinions and contribute to our own sense of personal identity and self-definition? Introduction Everyday our minds get filled with new information, images and sounds. Enormous amounts of information streams give us certain idea of the world we live in. Of course media consumption is personal and sometimes very selective for each individual. Even though we cannot build a wall between us and information that is spreading all over the world. What is really interestingRead MoreEssay on Effects of Mass Media on Society1650 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluenced by mass media. Although traditional television watching and newspaper reading are no longer as popular as before, people spend more time in front of computers listening to music and radios, reading news and information, interacting with other people in social network and watching television programmes and films. The developing technology of mobile phone allows people to do almost everything they can do with the computer. Nowaday, people are living in a world ‘saturated by media sounds andRead MoreFirstly, Haidt Consider †˜Care’ As Moral Foundation. It1524 Words   |  7 Pagesreduce the conflicts of various culture and might enable multiculturalism more realistic. He considered care and harm but it’s not economically effective because he ignored the economic behavior of individual. â€Å"Nothing is free in today’s world; someone do need to pay for it†. The political system should be based upon economic standard because at the end of the day it is the economy which reflects standard of living. Then he considered ‘Liberty’ as moral foundation, people should have freedom from dominationRead MoreMass Media Influence On People s Ideas About Society936 Words   |  4 Pages2015 Mass Media Influence in Shaping People’s Ideas about Society The most important goal for mass media is to make high revenues. To make this goal real and earn that money mass media maker or producer put effective working plans. These effective plans could be in all different kinds of any mass media. There are several effects of made mass media planning before it broadcasting a message to improve it economic. These effects are; effects of advertising on purchasing, effects of political campaignsRead MoreMedia s Effect On Teens986 Words   |  4 PagesThe American media industry generates approximately 600 billion dollars annually through its programming and advertisements. The economic system of the United States and tough market competition have led to a massive media boom, and being the largest industry in the United States in terms of revenue, The media have been successful in corrupting people’s mind, with young teens being the largest group of victims. In the current situation, our economic, social and political decisions are widel y beingRead MoreThe, The Butcher s Tale, By Helmut Walser Smith1351 Words   |  6 Pagesthe media, and the ignorance of German politicians who unknowingly or not, pushed political extremists’ agendas. Late 19th Century Germany was an ever-changing political, economic, and social landscape. Germany had officially unified in 1871 and was rapidly industrializing, which resulted in people flocking by the thousands to major German cities, or even to other countries, for the chance of a new, more prosperous life. In Helmut Walser Smith’s â€Å"The Butcher’s Tale† he describes the mass movementRead MoreEssay about Trial by Media1445 Words   |  6 PagesTrial by Media With 27 million newspapers bought and 99 percent of the adult population watching an average of 2 ½ hours of television every day, the British Media (mass media) has a massive audience. Since the 1920s, sociological research has been conducted on the basis of concerns about the potentially negative influence over the media consuming public. Early research conducted by the Payne Fund studies found that the mass media had a powerful effect over itsRead MoreThe Benefits and Problems of Democracy1750 Words   |  7 Pagesbe a variety of flaws in a democratic government, it is still a far more suitable choice of governing as opposed to alternate forms of government. Widely accepted as the most popular and working form of government, democracy is, in a nutshell, a political system in which the power is given to the popular vote of the people. In fact, the very origins of the term democracy hail from the Greek term for ‘ruled by the people’. The basic form of our modern democratic system originated in Greece as a polar-opposite

The Lord of the Rings in the 21st Century Free Essays

Films or movies are representative of cultures and the nature of the generation from which it is spun. Films or movies seem to represent a piece of reality within them that seeks to inform its viewers, transform thoughts and ideals of its audience, influence change, and such. However, in this case, the role of the film or movie is to represent our society as it is now in the 21st century. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lord of the Rings in the 21st Century or any similar topic only for you Order Now   The Lord of the Rings trilogy, adapted from the books written by J. R. R. Tolkien, represents our generation in the 21st century as it illustrates the war between good and evil that we are battling at present. We exist in a world in chaos, where nations battle for peace and harmony amidst a war-stricken world, and yet like the purpose driven by the Fellowship of the Ring, the people struggle and hope that we may be able to withstand the turmoil to reach tranquility. The Lord of the Rings Trilogy follows the structure of a typical â€Å"good versus evil† movie. The theme was instigated by encompassing feelings of fear – fear from being corrupted and restricted by the malevolent and iniquitous nature of man. Moreover, the vulnerability of man to be seduced by power and authority establishes the central theme of the trilogy. The evil that entices man will lead him to destroy the peace and goodness that exists on earth and seek to annihilate everyone who dares to oppose him in his quest for supremacy. This poses the thought that man is feeble, unable to resist his surrender to wickedness for his personal vested interests. Sauron, the antagonist in the film trilogy, represents the greed for power. The ring, which Sauron seeks, is the symbolism of power, and with this power, the ability to rule all of earth according to his desires. Perhaps this builds on one cultural myth that illustrates the growing need of man to earn power or a valuable position in society. As the world grows and deteriorates into a society that nurtures unfairness, inequality, deceit, war, value for money and status rather than life, the mind set of people grows and changes along with it. This kind of society builds on competition, such that the more power you have, the more authority you gain to obtain what you want and need. Moreover, this kind of society has instilled in the minds of the people that they need to struggle and compete with other people no matter the cost, just to obtain power. Sauron is greed that grows inside every human being, always in search for that ring of power, believing it to be their saving grace to survive in the mess of the world. On a more practical or technical perspective, the society that we live in at present is more of a capitalist society. The foundation of capitalism is built on the kind of competition already discussed in the previous paragraph. People compete for ownership and profit, without being controlled or restricted, which will lead them to occupy a highly revered position. Under the context of business, capitalists manipulate the people into purchasing what they sell in order to earn profit and obtain ownership over the majority. Moreover, capitalists compete among themselves and will do everything at all costs to obtain an advantage over competitors. Like the characters of Isildur and Smeagol (Gollum) in the trilogy, capitalists have been corrupted by the greed for power (Sauron and the ring). Isildur was a great king and Smeagol was an innocent hobbit, however, their brief possession of the one ring has corrupted them. Isildur chose not to destroy the ring but keep it for himself in order to maintain his position as king, while Smeagol became fixated on the ring which hindered him from having a good and happy life. This is similar with what is happening now. Capitalists have built a world according to their terms where people are urged to earn more money in order to spend it on what capitalism has dictated as their wants and needs – and this is all motivated by greed. Instead of thinking about equality and justice, capitalists chose to be in power and from there obtain more of it by relying on the weaknesses of the people who are at a disadvantage. The people too, who submit to the deceit that capitalists impose on them, are being tempted like Smeagol. People nowadays are never happy about earning a regular salary – they have to earn more. People are not contented with having a roof above them – it has to be a big house with large windows, a pool, overlooking the mountains, etc. The discontentment is caused by the influence of capitalists for people to have more, and by having more, they mean having more from them. How to cite The Lord of the Rings in the 21st Century, Papers

Vulnerability Assessment to Cyber Businesses-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: How Do Vulnerability Assessment to Cyber Businesses? Answer: Introducation Technology has evolved and many people depend on computers and the internet in running their daily activities. The computers are used practically in every organizations and form part of the crucial running of a particular organizational activity. For those who cannot be able to have machines in their offices or homes but need them for transacting businesses and communication, then the cyber cafes enable them do so. Vulnerability Assessment techniques for the cyber cafe business will therefore, be the main focus of this work. Before any contract is signed, investigation of a business or a person is done and any possible risks take care of to ascertain the viability of the products or services offered. This process is known as due diligence. In a cyber-business, due diligence is important if conducted on the supplier of the machines and equipment that will be used in the business. Vulnerability allows the transformation of hazard to a risk from the assessment. According to SANS Institute (2001), the process of conducting a vulnerability assessment test is very crucial and should be done in three major concepts; Conduct assessments The planning and performance of the vulnerability assessment is done at this level. Definition of activity scopes, the collection of data and information that is relevant, responsibility and role definition encompasses the process. Review of procedures and policies, interviews and security scanning are some of the methods mentioned by the author. Identify exposures Data and information collected in the first phase is reviewed to enable issue of accountability processes and management processes. The information is also used in other processes like enterprise trending and wide risk assessments. Threats and exposures are identified in this stage. Address exposures Proper investigation is done to determine whether the exposures identified actually need redressing services or not. The findings of the investigation will determine the system upgrade that will be decided on or if not will not be addressed. The complexity of the system used in the upgrade will be determined by the magnitude of the risk or possible threat that the exposure causes to the organization. SANS Institute (2001) advices that before any assessment is done, the order should start from the highest levels downwards towards finer details. SANS Institute (2001) illustrates that the vulnerability assessment is sometimes done poorly due to various reasons including the following; Insufficient or unavailability of relational observational data to events that are dangerous. Difficulties in data collection due to a huge number of dimensions to be explored and the complexity of the damage system. The purpose of the study and the three-dimensional or sequential scale analysis. Benefits of conducting a vulnerability assessment Various benefits are accrued from using vulnerability assessment in a business. According to SANS Institute (2001), some of the benefits are; Security exposures are identified on time before possible attack happens. This enables the business to find measures of addressing the exposures hence saving the eminent dangers of losing reputation and total collapse of the business. Early detection identifies both internal and external security exposures hence a business is not ambushed from either side. A detailed network map of enterprise is created or updated when the vulnerability assessment is done. If the assessment is not done properly, the rogue machines may produce unnecessary and unwanted risks which could have been dealt with earlier. An inventory of all the devices are created in a database. The database will be stored in a repository to free storage devices. It can be assessed any time and used for various activities like; system tracking, rescanning machines and general management of the business. The overall security posture of the business can be determined and the maintenance of an archive all possible vulnerabilities is enhanced with any number of systems on the network. Assets of the cyber business Some of the assets that are important in the cyber business include; The desktops and monitors, the Central Processing Units all computer hardware computer software storage devices. According to Proffitt (2008), assets could be categorized in various ways including; Servers that consist of Windows, Linux, or server of choice. Workstations consisting of laptops, desktops and the related hardware. Miscellaneous equipment that consists of such things as webcams, fire alarms and electric door controls, network enabled printers, first aid kits among others. Network Gear that has access points, video conferencing units, routers, balanced loaders and switches. According to R2A, vulnerability assessment techniques are useful in finding solutions to possible threats and risks that may face organizations. The assets listed can also be said to be the critical success factors of a cyber-business. The other possible critical success factors for the cyber business includes; the capability of the listed assets to perform the function for which they were made for, the physical resources and facilities available, customer loyalty and availability of staff to serve customers. They are critical for success since when they are properly installed and used, businesses are able to record profits and benefits. Vulnerability assessment enables the manager of a business determine the kid of assets available and the possible threat to each of them. R2A further documents that in vulnerability assessment, the threats are matched with an asset which enables the redirection of control efforts. The threats matched with the assets include; Critical failure of the servers or workstations Robbery, pilferage and/or collusive theft, malicious damage and industrial actions. Breakdown or complete destruction of the miscellaneous assets due to power surges Industrial espionage, misappropriation or sabotage of data, defamation, and rising costs due to security loses/vandalism. Failure of a major supply to the consumable assets like printing papers and inks Threat of theft of the machines and hardware. The critical vulnerabilities from these threats include; Physical vulnerabilities like theft or sabotage of the equipment Notional vulnerabilities like failure of the supplier that leads to disruption of the daily running of the business. Failure of Servers and miscellaneous assets According to R2A, the critical vulnerabilities have a lot of impacts on; community, people and performance; direct and indirect cost of activities; organizational behavior, goodwill, quality of life and reputation of the business. The environment, asset and resource base of the organization is also put at risk by these critical vulnerabilities. Precautionary analysis From the vulnerability assessment done above on the cyber business various vulnerability assessment techniques can be applied in the process of identification and address of the vulnerabilities. These techniques enable the whole process to be easy and profitable. According to Proffitt (2008), one of the techniques used is the QualsyGuard that offers solutions on vulnerability assessment online. The technique is run by Qualsy who offers Internet Protocol (IP) hardware based items for the assessment to be installed in the business premises or can allow use of their scanners from their operation centers. The use of QualsyGuard technique is important in various ways including; The data retention period is long for up to two years hence can be accessed when need arises hence very efficient. The data does not have to be stored in your devices but in a repository hence saving storage space. Relief is provided in terms of securing workstations, provision, configuration or securing hardware to be used for the san hence very efficient to use. This is because the hardware needed for the vulnerability assessment is provided for the service. All the system data collected from various appliances is stored in a single repository for ease of assessment and retrieval. The technique is also responsible for automatically updating the scanning machines and maintaining the vulnerability signatures. The machines are updated with a vulnerability database in which queries can be compared. The data collected from your system are under a very tight security with heightened confidentiality, availability and integrity. The precautionary analysis that could be from the assessed vulnerabilities include the following; Always purchase appliances, hardware and software from qualified and licensed retailers or distributors. These will be very significant in ensuring that they are not rendered inoperable once they are installed. Vulnerability assessment should be done before the equipment are fed with data, or installed for use at a particular place. These could be helpful in preventing attacks both on hardware and software either externally or internally. Before vulnerability assessment is done, the top most management of the enterprise should give an approval such that no blame games are issued in case of possible internal threats are identified. The assessment team should be given a go ahead after the risks of scanning the systems is fully understood by the management. Awareness training should be conducted to the management and employees of an enterprise before the Vulnerability assessment is done such that they will be knowledgeable on how to handle the machines or how to address the identified exposures at the end of the exercise. The training should clearly define and explain the exercise; the areas of infrastructure to be assessed and its importance to the enterprise, expectations and how reports can be created; the importance of the technology for the enterprise with details of the severity levels in which action should be taken. The correct data from the results of the vulnerability assessment should be relayed only to the authorized people since it is very critical to the organization. Relaying the data to the right people will guarantee success of the vulnerability assessment program since they will be able to authorize and initiate the best ways to address the exposures identified on time before an impeding attack takes place. SANS Institute (2001) illustrates that vulnerability assessments are very crucial to an enterprise and should be adopted. The reasons given for the use of vulnerability assessment is that the existing enterprise controls may not sufficiently provide comprehensive assurance of ongoing and appropriate confidentiality, availability of information and integrity. A good image is illustrated on how security is managed and improved, with the identification of areas that need consideration, when the vulnerability assessment is used by an organization. The author, SANS Institute (2001), still advices that the development of policies that are firm will enable timely completion of the vulnerability assessment program in line with the needs of the organization. The Vulnerability assessment program will be helpful to the management of the organization through provision of a continuous base from which their assessments are compared from. The assessment program should be able to enable the enterprise create inventory of all devices that is very essential in programming for upgrades and assessments in the future. The data should enable the prediction of future possible attacks hence very useful for the security system of the organization. When approved and used by the management, then the program will be considered official and authorized for use by the official activities of the organization. Conclusion The burden of compliance efforts, reduction of risk levels by the corporations and organizations, due diligence performance provision of forensic data and report generation for technology metrics use can be aided by a leveraged vulnerability assessment program. The program will increase the defense depth of the organization against attacks and increase knowledge and skills on how to identify and mitigate exposures and threats. Using the vulnerability assessment program therefore, will be very essential in providing the cyber business a safer and protected computing atmosphere. References Proffitt, T. (2008). Creating a Comprehensive Vulnerability Assessment Program for a Large Company Using QualysGuard. SANS Institute (2001). Vulnerability Assessments: The Pro-active Steps to Secure Your Organization R2A- Due Diligence Engineers

The mind-body connection and how this impacts how we learn free essay sample

My topic of discussion is: The mind-body connection and how this impacts how we learn. Currently I am a Infantryman in the United States Army. Being deployed for my third tour of duty in Afghanistan, this topic has intrigued me to say the least. Since 2001, The United States has seen a growing number of men and women volunteering for military service. This service requires these brave souls to learn set skills required to finish a task in battle. Most agree that there are two school of thought, classical conditioning and operant conditioning, when it comes to learning. However, I am going to examine how physical fitness can improve mental capacity even when in the extreme situations seen in war. The paper compares the aforementioned schools of thought on learning and how they relate to the military service members. While the United States Military spends a lot of time developing new skills for their recruits, what ultimately allows a soldier to kill the enemy; mind, body or both? My research will demonstrate how the mind-body connection is impacted in the learning process and how it relates to those in a combat situation. We will write a custom essay sample on The mind-body connection and how this impacts how we learn or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Mind-Body Connection and How This Impacts How We Learn Schools of Thought on Learning As human beings much of what we learn is a result of conditioning. There are two types of conditioning; classical and operant. Classical conditioning was pioneered by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. He is credited for his research of mental reflexes in dogs when food was either present or if there was a possibility of food. Pavlov observed the dogs drooling before the food was even given. Here we see the mind body connection played out. The idea of food caused an unconditioned stimulus which for the dogs and their unconditioned response thus was the drooling of the mouth. After a while, through training, the dogs became conditioned. Pavlov introduced a ringing bell before feeding (conditioned stimulus) and just as before the conditioned response from the dogs after hearing the bell ring was drooling. Pavlovs findings showed the world that learning can come from classical conditioning. The second school of thought for learning is operant conditioning. Defined as training a person or animal to behave in a certain way by way of punishment or reward. Psychologist B. F. Skinner invented operant conditioning chamber. Skinner discovered that consequences for the organism played a large role in how the organism responded in certain situations. (Benjamin, L. T, 2007). There are two types of positive reinforcement; primary and secondary. Primary occurs when something that an animal likes instinctively which is not learned like eating. Animals learning to enjoy something is the secondary type of positive reinforcement. Skinner used his operant conditioning chamber to observe and train rats. His rats were trained to press a lever to get food. If the rats lever pressing is reinforced only when there is a tone being played then the rat would wait for the tone. A key component of the research was positive punishment. Postive punishment aimed to reduce behavior by taking away the desired good. Man or animal, if they enjoy the reward they will work to avoid losing and thus are less likely to repeat the behavior that threatens to take it away. In October of 2001, the United States began its retaliation against the al Qaeda backed terrorists responsible for September 11, 2001. According to Martinez and Bingham (2011) 22,658,00 American personnel had be deployed to Iraq, Afghanistan or both as of August 30, 2011. That number has only grown since that data was taken. What we see are men and women joining the service to learn a new job to support the wars abroad. They endure months of training in both physical and mental capacities before they are shipped off to fight. As discussed previously, there are operant and classical conditioning, which both occur in the various training received before ultimately deploying. Classical conditioning or mental reflexes rely heavily on what our animal instincts. Before going to basic training, I had never shot a gun in my entire life. There were times when had to rely on my gut to get a task finished. However, all the military training focuses heavily on this operant style of learning. Our instructors pounded proper procedures on a daily basis and if we screwed something up then there would be a negative consequence like performing pushups until your arms fall off. Eventually, I no longer thought about how to fire my weapon at a target, it was like second nature. Physical Fitness CDC states that Research has shown that doing aerobic or a mix of aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities 3 to 5 times a week for 30 to 60 minutes can give you mental health benefits. Theres no mystery as to why the military requires its members to be in great physical fitness. The physical state of ones body can have a direct relation to the amount of stress in the mind. Studies have shown that physical activity can improve concentration, enhance memory and mental awareness. (Mo, 2010). One of the worst things that can occur admists battle is self doubt and confussion. There is not a moment to lose when its a life or death situation. It is that moment where all that training kicks in and one reacts, a mental reflex, as you will. Being physically fit increases the chances of making the correct decision coupled with the amount of training received. Here is when the flight or fight mentality sets in. In my last deployment in Iraq, I had the chance to read Dave Grossmans On Killing. His research really digs into how and why in battle we either fight or flee. The body, despite how trained it is to ultimately kill someone, the mind has a harder time executing. This is a great example of the mind-body connection. Grossman states, You do not rise to the occasion in combat, you sink to the level of your training. Do not expect the combat fairy to come bonk you with the combat wand and suddenly make you capable of doing things that you never rehearsed before. It will not happen. Basically, what I have been taught and those fellow veterans before have been taught is how we are able to react accordingly. Again, I will throw out the term reflex. One does not think but rather react. Under the condition of stress, the entire sympathetic nervous system is activated, producing an immediate, widespread response. Characterized by the release of large quantities of epinephrine, an increased heart rate and skeletal muscle vasodilation†¦. The overall effort is to prepare the individual for danger.

Automated Systems WooJinHan Essay Example

Automated Systems WooJinHan Essay Example Automated Systems WooJinHan Essay Automated Systems WooJinHan Essay This faster turnaround could be meant competitive advantage over other airports. This master plan rapidly turned into the biggest problems in history because the City of Denver underestimated the scale and complexity of project. Because mainly problems with the baggage system, the airports opening was delayed by 16 months, 4 times of change dates. Late project initiation played a big part of failure also. Excessive schedule pressure, significant design change, failure of risk management (e. G. Unstable power supply) could have been prevented if ajar airlines participated and automated baggage handling system was planned at very early stage of project. There were many facts that caused debacle of automated baggage system but the key fact that led the project to disaster is a change of strategy in the middle of construction. The risk of change was too big to justify benefits that DID may have had or fear that manual trolley based system would be too slow to handle its demand of luggage delivery. The automated baggage system project should have been cancelled when there was no bidder that met airports requirement and the City should have focused on how implement proven and less complicated manual baggage handling system. More detail will be discussed in the rest of the report. Issues Summary: Insufficient project time and late decision MET decided to build integrated automated baggage system two years prior to airports opening date. BEE and other expert say it required at least four years to complete the project. Airport construction began in November 1 989 and decision of new automated baggage handling system was made in the summer of 1991. It required significant change of building structure and automated baggage system had to accommodate unsuitable able layouts of building. Lack of experience and underestimation The area manager had no experience in airport construction, baggage system technologies or construction project control management. Complexity of baggage system had been underestimated. The city ignored several warnings. BEE told them from the beginning that they were going to need at least one more year to get the system up and running, but no one wanted to hear that 16 companies had been contacted for bidding and only 3 companies responded. None of submission met what airports needs Expert from Munich airport advised that much simpler Munich automated baggage system had taken 2 years to build and it had run 24/7 for 6 months prior to opening. BEE executives and city officials hammered Out a deal in JUST three intense working sessions. Lack of centralized project management oversight It took three years to implement the centralized change tracking system. Up to 400 companies involved in construction. The project had to be chopped up into many small projects. Existing law stated 30% minority-owned, 6% women-owned firms had to be participated. It generated 1 10 construction entrants Inconsistent strategy and subsequent changes Originally individual airlines would make their own baggage system but the city had decided to implement MM,n integrated automated baggage handling system after the construction had started already. Despite design change lock-down, airlines had requested changes such as adding of ski equipment racks, additional maintenance track and oversized baggage handling etc. Leadership change The main force of automated baggage system, airports chief engineer Walter Slinger died at the beginning of the project. His successor, Gail Edmond had to have same unrestricted access, strong leadership nor work experience Lack of cooperation Babes unrestricted access to the site had been compromised. Babes access had been blocked intentionally sometimes and construction site status had not been suitable for BEE baggage system installation often. The City of Denver had tried to demonstrate new automated baggage system without notifying BEE and it had turned out disaster. After the demonstration, the City and many major airlines hired legal firms to assist with negotiations and future litigation Environmental and Root Cause Analysis: Strategy change The initial project design did not incorporate an integrated airport-wide baggage system. DAIS Concourse A is for Continental Airlines, Concourse B is United Airlines and Concourse C is for other carriers. DID expected the individual airlines to build their own systems as in most other American airports. United Airlines, which in June 1991 signed on to use DID as its second-largest hub airport, proceeded to build their own with BEE. At same time, MET decided to build airport-wide integrated baggage system because other than United, no other airlines were not coming forward with plans to develop their own baggage system. Despite a change in strategy, MET didnt change organizational responsibilities as new technology required. This type of complicated and advanced technology had to be decided in the beginning of a project and implementation is more critical to success. MET saw the benefit from the new technology but didnt realize what new integrated system requires and who is responsible for development of the system. Underestimate the scope and complexity of project There were several prominent indicates that there isnt sufficient time left and it is too late to change manual system to automated baggage System as below. The City of Denver and BEE ignored indicates which may have correct their direction and underestimated the complexity of the project 1 . No bidders were qualified for airports requirement. 2. Expe rt from Munich airport advised that much simpler system took 2 years with 6 month 2417 running test before the opening. 3. BEE didnt participate in original bids and estimated at least one more year to get the system up and running. Frequent changes and lack of commitment There was tremendous amount of pressure in schedule from the beginning of project, airlines started to ask several significant changes in six months prior o the opening the airport despite that BEE had made a condition that there wouldnt a change in mechanical design, software design, permanent power requirements and the like. Real problem was the City approved those changes and BEE accepted. Accepting these changes raises further troubles in a project that were already deep in trouble. The City guaranteed that BEE will have unrestricted access to site because of the tight deadlines. When BEE started the project, they werent getting the unrestricted access that was agreed upon, even didnt have reasonable access. They were blocked out by there building contractors from their job site. Dusty and chemically contaminated environment was suitable for installation of delicate equipment and even BEE crews had to flee. Leadership change Airports chief engineer Walter Slinger was the main force of BEE automated baggage system. His death at the beginning of the project left team without leadership who had in-depth engineering knowledge, unrestricted access and real problem solving skill. Risk management failure The project encountered a number of major technical problems. One of the most significant was caused by electrical system. The City couldnt supply table power to the automated baggage system and power fluctuations crashed the system. The resolution to the problem required filters to be built into the electrical power system to eliminate surges. Because the City worker cancelled the order without knowing that it included the filter, delivery and installation of the filters took several months, during which time testing was severely constrained. The filter arrived in March 1994 after third target for opening. Alternatives or Options 1) Extended the construction schedule. Pros Cons Sufficient time to test and debug automated baggage system More fund required to support longer project time using old congested airport longer Doesnt solve fundamental issues 2) Scaled down the scope United and Continental built their own baggage system in Concourse A and B. The City built automated baggage system in Concourse C Pros Decrease the complexity of automated system significantly Affect less significantly to airport opening as the system covers small portion of baggage handling Allows to build the secondary backup manual baggage handling Reinvestment required when DID expands the system 3) Scrapped the plan and build integrated manual baggage system Pros Bigger scale but no complicated technology, simple design More competitive companies to choose from Less cost to build Minimum architectural design change Longer baggage handling process time More airport works to handle baggage Recommendations It is understandable that DID wanted integrated, automated and efficient baggage handling system due to the size of airport and the number airlines. But the City and BEE should have had to analyze the situation rationally not by politically or emotionally and decided what system would fit their needs the most within realistic accomplishment. There were several contributors to he failure such as no bidders that met airports requirement, such a large scale and extremely complicated automated system never had been done, BEE didnt participate in the initial bid, project time is only 2 year left, airport construction was already started, chief engineer who support new system died at the beginning of project and loss of leadership and Babes unrestricted access to site was compromised. Option #1 would be the worst choice as the project was doomed to fail from the beginning, just extending project time could have not solved issues and leaded it to the success. Option #2 would be the typical choice as normally each airline builds their own baggage handling system usually. In DID case, united was the only airline that came with own baggage system plan. The City of Denver needed to solve this issue. BEE had already commenced work on United baggage system and experience of automated system (but much smaller scale than DID project). It could have been the best choice if Continental wasnt under bankruptcy law protection and had a plan to build own baggage system in DID. And also having 2 different systems which are manual and fully automated baggage handling yester increases costs and complexity of maintenance. Option #3 would be the best choice in DID case. It is tested and proven baggage handling system. It didnt require special condition such as extremely stable power supply, less complicated and fitted for initial architectural design which could have saved $50 million due to modification. Implementation Option #3 Implementation Phases Time Line (2 year) The City of Denver Rapist Edema Re-assess current projects and prioritize them to minimize modification of architectural design. Work on non or less related jobs to baggage handling system Negotiate new plane with airlines and get them participate Assess current construction progress and requirement for integrated man all baggage handling system 4 month Reorganize construction schedule to accommodate baggage system and adopt it to total project plan 2 month Reorganize project organization for new plan Control building construction and baggage installation to minimize interference Construction of manual baggage system 15 month Create change control management plan Hand over the project to maintenance team from MET Run simulation and review handling capacity Create capacity schedule plan 3 months Monitor and Control This procedure establishes the process to monitor and control: the initiating, planning, executing and closing implementation; so that potential problems can be identified in a timely manner and corrective action can be taken when needed. The monitor and control process is performed throughout the implementation. Project team performs: 1 . Scope verification and control of implementation that influence the scope beyond the required Or defined needs of the original. 2. Schedule control to ensure that changes are beneficial, determining that the schedule has changed and managing the actual changes when and as they occur. . Cost control of the factors that create changes to the cost baseline to ensure that changes are beneficial, determining that the cost baseline has changed and managing the actual changes. 4. Quality control to ensure whether specific project results comply with relevant quality standards and identifying ways to eliminate causes of unsatisfactory results. . Performance reporting that collects and distributes performance information continuously. 6. Risk control to track identified risks, monitor residual risk and evaluate its effectiveness. Manual baggage handling system have been proofed. The most fear that DID ad was the system would be too slow to service the size of DID airport. The second would the accuracy as system used human manual handling. Applying proper KIP would have helped to measure the level of service and improve i t. . What is the percentage of arrival accuracy in DID manual baggage handling system? 95% yield in terms of baggage arriving at destination with passenger is industry standard. 2. What is the average turnaround time? Average aircraft turnaround time is 45 minutes. 3. What is operational cost of manual baggage handling system a month? United spent SSL million to maintain automated baggage system a month.

A Critical Analysis Of Itc Distribution Channel Marketing Essay

A Critical Analysis Of Itc Distribution Channel Marketing Essay Abstract Distribution channel is having an important role in positioning of the product because we know that distribution channel is tool by which we can make reach our product to the final consumers. That’s why selecting a distribution channel is an important aspect of building a competitive advantage for businesses of every size. Distribution channels include your own direct sales force, retailers, distributors and the Internet. The right distribution channel ensures that customers in different locations around the country, or around the world, can buy your products and get the right level of service from your company. To select the right distribution channel for your business, you need to consider what a channel can offer, including location and reach, skills and resources, management costs and degree of control. This is a project to study, analyze and report the distribution channel of the FMCG giant ITC. The project would take help of various sources of secondary data ab out the organization; it’s functioning in terms of distribution channels it employs and the management of these channels in order to stay competitive and ubiquitous against competition. For that we have reviewed the organization and its product lines on a macro level and critical analysis of distribution channel for a specific product line. In that way we would be able to ascertain what are strength and weaknesses of the given distributions channel. We have also drawn out certain similarities and contrasts between ITC’s and other FMCG’s distributions channel to help us add some recommendations at the end of the report on how the potential of the distribution channel and its efficiency can be improved. Contents Introduction – ITC ITC was incorporated on August 24, 1910 under the name Imperial Tobacco Company of India Limited. As the Company’s ownership progressively Indianised, the name of the Company was changed from Imperial Tobacco Company of Ind ia Limited to India Tobacco Company Limited in 1970 and then to I.T.C. Limited in 1974. In recognition of the Company’s multi-business portfolio encompassing a wide range of businesses – Fast Moving Consumer Goods comprising Foods, Personal Care, Cigarettes and Cigars, Branded Apparel, Education and Stationery Products, Incense Sticks and Safety Matches, Hotels, Paperboards & Specialty Papers, Packaging, Agri-Business and Information Technology – the full stops in the Company’s name were removed effective September 18, 2001. The Company now stands rechristened ‘ITC Limited’. Though the first six decades of the Company’s existence were primarily devoted to the growth and consolidation of the Cigarettes and Leaf Tobacco businesses, the Seventies witnessed the beginnings of a corporate transformation that would usher in momentous changes in the life of the Company. Key landmarks in history of ITC limited 1925 – Packaging & Printing Business was set up as a strategic backward integration for ITC’s Cigarettes business 1975 -Launch of Hotels business with the acquisition of a hotel in Chennai which was rechristened ‘ITC-Welcomgroup Hotel Chola’ 1979 – ITC entered the  Paperboards business  by promoting ITC Bhadrachalam Paperboards Limited 1985 – Surya Tobacco Co. set up in Nepal as an Indo-Nepal and British joint venture.

Flag Burning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Flag Burning - Essay Example Indeed, the symbolism of the flag is so deeply embedded in national consciousness that Bourne (qtd in Schatz and Lavine, 2007: 329) was prompted to declare that "We reverence not our country but the flag. We may criticize ever so severely our country, but we are disrespectful to the flag at our peril." The difference lies in that the flag is a symbolic representation of all that which the nation is; the flag represents the past, present and future and is not associated with particular policies and governments, as may be the nation at any given time. It is within the context of that which the flag stands for that intolerance towards flag burning should be understood. Americans are intolerant of flag burning because it expresses disregard for those who lost their lives battling under the flag, disrespect for the institutions of the nation and, a symbolic attempt to deny national memories. The 1960s were the heyday of flag burning in the United States and even though many Americans sympathized with the politics which incited the said act, few were tolerant of it. As Boime (1990) notes, countless Americans opposed the Vietnam War and supported the Civil Rights but were enraged by the expression of the aforementioned through flag-burning.

Women and Sexism at Workplace Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Women and Sexism at Workplace - Assignment Example Over the years, there have been a number of different roles that have been followed by men and women and have been considered to be the prehistoric roles of the people. However, when such assumptions are made and the roles for people are limited to a few tasks, then the result often leads to sexism. This paper aims at discussing the effects of sexism on women in two main areas, i.e. entering into a workplace and progress within the workplace. The main aim of the research is to get a better idea of how women are affected due to the existence of sexism in the workplace. The society has set down a various number of rules and roles that are expected to be for women. Women are faced with issues in getting jobs at the workplaces as there are a number of restrictions and reservations on the end of the employers. Employers prefer not to spend on the female employees for training and other purposes as there are very high chances of the women to leave the job so they can take care of their families (About Equal Opportunities, 2010). As seen in the survey, the youth and younger generation today, unlike the previous generations do not consider men’s work to be more important than that of women and there is a constant need for more equality and better understanding among the people.  These issues and difficulties include the possible offensive male chauvinist comments that can be faced by women as well as other questions where the employers demean the women by judging them to be less effective than men.  

Milk Curdling Essay Example for Free

Milk Curdling Essay Weve all seen it, lumpy milk poured from an outdated jug or lemon juice added to warm milk. What was once smooth, creamy milk becomes chunky, lumpy, and completely unappetizing. But curdled milk isnt always a bad thing. Although it sometimes signifies spoilage, it can also be a method of producing more delicious food, like cheese. Milk curdles because of a simple chemical reaction that can be set into place for a variety of reasons. Lets take a closer look at some of those reasons. What is Curdled Milk? Milk is comprised of several compounds, primarily fat, protein, and sugar. The protein in milk is normally suspended in a colloidal solution, which means that the small protein molecules float around freely and independently. These floating protein molecules refract light and give milk its white appearance. Normally these protein molecules repel each other, allowing them to float about without clumping, but when the pH of their solution changes, they can suddenly attract one another and form clumps. This is exactly what happens when milk curdles. As the pH drops and becomes more acidic, the protein (casein) molecules attract one another and become curdles floating in a solution of translucent whey. This clumping reaction happens more swiftly at warmer temperatures than it does at cold temperatures. Spoiled Milk All milk, even pasteurized milk, contains bacteria. As bacteria go about happily with their lives, they eat the natural sugars in milk, called lactose. As they digest lactose, a number of byproducts are created, including lactic acid. When the amount of lactic acid in the milk begins to increase, the pH drops and the casein molecules begin to clump. The high levels of lactic acid are also what give spoiled milk its characteristically sour smell. Milk and Lemon Juice or Vinegar Its not uncommon for recipes to call for lemon juice or vinegar to be added to milk. In fact, lemon juice and vinegar can be added to milk as a substitute for buttermilk in many recipes. So why does this not cause the milk to curdle? As with many chemical reactions, temperature controls the rate at which the reaction occurs. When adding lemon juice or vinegar to hot milk, it will curdle almost immediately, but adding it to cold milk will not produce a reaction for quite some time. This is the very same reaction used to create fresh cheeses like ricotta or paneer. Milk is heated to a designated temperature and then an acid (lemon juice or vinegar) is added. Once the milk curdles, the solid proteins are then strained from the liquid whey and shaped into a round of cheese. In this scenario, curdling has nothing to do with spoilage and is, in fact, very useful. Milk and Coffee or Tea On occasion, cold milk added to coffee or tea will curdle. This can be alarming as curdled milk is often seen as the same as spoiled milk. In this case, it can be half true. Coffee and tea are both slightly acidic, although usually not enough to curdle fresh milk. When milk is just on the brink of spoilage and bacteria have produced some, but not enough acid to curdle the cold milk, a little bit of extra acid from the coffee or tea, along with their heat can tip the scale and cause the milk to curdle. The milk may not be spoiled enough to cause an off odor or flavor, but just enough acid and heat in addition to its own can cause curdling. 1. Milk curdles when it goes bad due to the fact is is a colloid. Colloids are substances that do not separate easily, so they clump together when they start to turn. 2. curdling of milk occurs in different ways with the help of chemistry lets try to understand. The methods of curdling: ACIDIFICATION: It may occur thanks to milk ferments that transform lactose in to milk acid, taking the milk to 4. 6 pH, or for the addition of acid substances; RENNET: it is, generally, the sweet curdling that occurs thanks to enzymes. The substance that in the milk gets the transformation is casein, a fundamental protein that in the milk is found in a colloidal solution. The casein is a conjugate protein formed (by beside C, H, O, N, S) also phosphorus (P) in the form of ester phosphoric acid of which a part is found inside every unit of a,b,k- salificato casein with calcium and magnesium ions, a part is in the form of tricalcium phospote (apatite) that joins together the units of a, b, k- casein as in the picture. The whole casein micella is called phospho-caseinatum of calcium. The quantity of calcium ions regulates the aggregations state of micelle and the sped of their flocculation: without calcium casein cant coagulate. ACID CURDLING In normal conditions milk has a pH of about 6. 5-6. 7 and at this pH value the casein is without protons, it has a negative charge and therefore the casein micelles are relatively soluble, because they repel each others. In an acid ambient milk coagulates, because casein has its isoelectric point at 4. 6 pH, that is at this pH value it has a quantity of positive charges equal to the quantity of negative charges and the positive part of each micelle is attracted by the negative part of the others, causing the formation of ionic bonds among the micelle working against the dipole-dipole bonds with water, so that the protein precipitates in the form of demineralized casein and in the solution remain soluble calcium salts.

Adaptive I :: essays research papers

Adaptive I Project Contents: Student Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2 Comments of Student Relating to Ability†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Comments of Student’s Parent Relating to Ability†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 Pre- Assessment and Interpretation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 & 6 Work and Improvement (Case Material)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 Post Assessment and Interpretation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..10 & 11 Students Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The student under review is Evan. He is in sixth grade and is an active student that is friendly, energetic, and easy to get along with. He is a very well behaved student that is quick to repair any wrong doing he has done. Evan is not on an Individual Education Plan (IEP) or is he a Title 1 student. As mentioned before, Evan does very well in his school subjects but gets easily frustrated with math. This is the subject area of improvement for this student. Evan had gotten all A’s in math and show very high competence in the subject until third grade. In third grade Evan took the Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS) and scored below average in the area of math. After this test, but not as a result of, Evan’s grades in math progressively got worse. In forth grade Evan’s grades went from A’s to C’s by the end of the year. This was also the first year that Evan’s teacher made a comment on his report card regarding his performance in math. In fifth grade scored low on his recall of math concepts and applied concepts. His grades stayed at B’s and C’s but he failed to meet the Clarkston School District math requirements for fifth grade. As observed this year, Evan’s performance has continued on its path of low to no improvement. This year fractions and decimals have been integrated into his schema and have furthered his confusion of math. As a result of the current confusion, I will try to improve his understanding of decimals and fractions as a pretest determines. Student Relating to Ability   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When asked if he had liked math before forth grade, Evan responded with a yes. He said that his teacher didn’t like the fact that he wasn’t listening and stopped giving him directions. When it came to math he didn’t know what was going on. He said that the addition and subtraction was easy but the multiplication was difficult. He did not enjoy math any more because it had too much sitting work. At this point he asked, â€Å"Why can’t math be more like science. We do a lot of experiments in science and I get to walk around.

Mr. Lake

Arvo Lake, a retired 71-year-old man, bought an air conditioner in May. The unit was installed and operated according to the manufacturer's specifications. Unbeknownst to Lake, the unit contained a hole in the refrigeration system that allowed Freon, the coolant, to escape from the unit. By August, the unit had ceased cooling, and Lake's residence reached a temperature of at least 96 degrees Fahrenheit. The heat caused Lake to suffer from hyperthermia, which caused circulatory failure and then death. The executor of Lake's estate sued the manufacturer of the air conditioner for damages resulting from breach of warranty. Is the manufacturer (or anyone else) liable for Lake's death under either a negligence or a strict liability cause of action? What is the difference between these two claims, and how do they differ from a breach of warranty claim? Try and be as specific as possible, preferably running through the elements using the facts from the Lake case. â€Å"Research from the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission indicates that defective or unsafe products cause 29. 4 million injuries and 21,400 deaths each year. You or your child may be injured by something seemingly harmless or something you use everyday, such as a hair dryer, toaster, baby chair, toy, iron, coffee maker, air conditioner, car, hand tool or even your clothing. Product liability law gives consumers the ability to sue for and recover damages from manufacturers, distributors and vendors for injuries resulting from accidents caused by products. Strict liability is the term used to describe situations in which a person can be held liable for damages caused to another person even without negligence or other fault. Strict liability means â€Å"liability without fault,† therefore a person is liable whether or not they were negligent and whether or not they intended to do any harm. The law imposes strict liability on inherently or abnormally dangerous activities, or activities that are likely to cause particular kinds of harm. Strict liability is also often imposed on manufactured products, under the law of product liability. Strict liability claims do not involve proof of whether or not someone acted reasonably or used appropriate care in manufacturing a certain product. The manufacturer of the air conditioner could be found liable for the death of Mr. Lake if it is found that the air conditioner was defective, regardless of whether the manufacturer or supplier exercised great care when designing and manufacturing it. Mr. Lake’s family does not have to demonstrate that the manufacturer or vendor was negligent or careless, only that a defect in the product caused Mr. Lake’s death. In a negligence claim, Mr. Lake’s family must show that a manufacturer or retailer had a duty to exercise reasonable care in the process of manufacturing or selling a product and failed to fulfill that duty, resulting in his death. Negligence consists of doing something that a person of ordinary prudence would not do under the same or similar circumstances; or failing to do something that a person of ordinary prudence would do under the same or similar circumstances. A breach of warranty claim arises under the law of contracts, where the law imposes certain â€Å"implied warranties† on the sale of goods. Such warranties include the warranty of merchantability (that the goods are in proper condition for use and free of defects), and the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose (e. g. , air conditioner must be able to keep a room or house cool. ) A breach of warranty is often referred to as an implied warranty because the law assumes that they apply even if they are not expressly stated. If a product does not meet these standards, the purchaser may have the right to return it and get back the purchase price, or sometimes to receive monetary damages. The law of contracts covers economic loss caused by the breach of warranties in the sale of goods. The Uniform Commercial Code, Article 2, also deals with the sales of goods and the implied and express warranties of merchantability in the sales of goods  §Ã‚ § 2-314 and 2-315. Question 2 we conclude that the district court correctly decided that it did not have jurisdiction to consider the Reardons' statutory claims, but we find that the CERCLA lien provisions do violate the fifth amendment due process clause

Literature in Question

The outsider, written by Albert Camus and Perfumer by Patrick Suskind are two books that have addressed critically the concept of rationality and absurdity. The protagonist in the outsider is a controversial one, since he apparently does not have feelings even to his own mother. He goes undeterred even with her mother’s death. He does not care about Marie- his girl friend- and even God. He wonders why the priest worries himself by visiting him. In a way he has created a world that he himself can understand.   It is absurd that Meursault’s inability to lie and his insensitivity make the authority to perceive him as a threat. The concept of reason for any action he does is irrelevant. It is in this breath that the author of The Outsider perhaps wants the readers to believe that it is not always that we have emotions that we ought to have had. And sometimes we play up an emotion that was expected to exist but in actual sense the emotion did not exist within us. It is to this effect that Mersault’s only acknowledgement of life is tangible, physical things rather than corruptible emotion. He is, in this case, a model in which the author shows the principle of existentialism where individuals have full responsibility for creating the meaning of their own lives. He does not need to rationally think with the rest of the society. Camus becomes an existentialist in this case by showing that conscious human beings will always find in themselves a world of their own. Existentialists believe that the ultimate and unquestionable is not reality, is not thinking consciousness but being in the world. Mersault is just in the world. In fact no one- even the society- can give a reason for Meursault to be in the world.   He does not need a justification to exist in the world. Camus wants to show us that a person cannot go against the society and the majority, be it good or bad, will always win; this is shown by the change of attitude by Mersault at the end of the novel. At this point the society has won by converting Meursault to its side but still there is no justification in the way the society perceives what transpires in Mersault’s life. He has got the right to think the way he thinks and do whatever he does. The book focuses on absurdity of life and death, as well as the society. It is in this sense that Camus expounds on the theme of existentialism and rationalism. He addresses the concept of subjectivity, individual freedom and choice, where life becomes a choice. Mersault’s behaviours might be attributed to his choice in life rather than subjecting it to societal conventional reasoning. For him, apparently, rationalism is relative and depends on individual. He does not even succumb to the mercies offered by the priest while he awaits his execution. It is the choice of an individual to choose to believe in God or not; he has chosen not to believe and even death does not give him a reason to believe in God. Meursault does not seem to care whether he lives or dies- he is not remorseful even at a time he could be seeking repentance; all seems to be absurd and vanity to him. Mersault emotions are at most of the time switched off, which makes him possible to be an observer of his own life – watching it as an outsider. Camus writes the book in the first person so that the main character describes everything that happens to him in a very elaborate way but does not talk about his sentiments. The writer creates a cathartic effect by making the reader put himself in the position of the main character, yet at the same time creates a disturbing effect increased by the recurring deaths. (Three deaths in the book includes that of the mother, climax produces the Arab man’s death, then Meursault execution.) The character starts showing emotions at the end- by recognizing his love for his girlfriend Marie. This gives a new lease in Mersault’s life. He, at least, though late, revives his emotions, changes his attitude and has a reason to live. The societal absurdity wins over Mersault; he has conformed to the societal norms- which include showing emotion. At this point, Camus shows that regardless of someone’s stand, life is paramount beyond reason and rationalism. By referring to his past regarding how he gave up after having given up ambitions when he was a student. This reflection of the past shows that at a point Mersault did everything as per societal expectation but later realized the need for being who he was regardless of what the society would think of him-he could not figure out why he ought to do things to the societal satisfaction and not for his own satisfaction. Patrick Suskind, on the other hand brings out the issue of absurdity in his novel Perfume by showing how Jean Baptiste Grenoulle engages in his great passion-in his sense of smell leading him to become a murderer. Jean-Baptiste Grenoulle born with one uplifting gift of smell; and this being a gift that nothing can be done to stop-we as readers are left doubting if we have to blame him for the iniquities that come along with the gift.   The fact that he survives his birth by default complements this. The reader asks himself if indeed fate has destiny.   His identification of his gift to isolate every kind of smell is also an important aspect that comes in his infancy. It is irrational for the society to isolate an innocent person because of an inherent, unique gift. For Grenoulle, he needed not to persuade the society to like him because all he got was an inborn gift. It is absurd how people in the society tend to give reasons as to why the society has to like them instead of living their own lives. He is rejected by the society, grows up in an orphanage, unloved and malnourished.   If indeed rationalism was to be applied in this case, no substantial reason can be given for the tribulations that Grenoulle undergoes. It is equally irrational for the society to treat him the way it does instead of sympathising with him and according him a chance to exploit his gift. Isolation from the society is the reason for him developing disgust for fellow humans and hence distinguishing himself by the uncanny sense of smell. It is amazing how he even uses his gift to find the beautiful girl. He could not believe his nose and was threatened that the nice smell was from human race, which he had come to despise. It is quite paradoxical that he hates human race which he is part of. It is due to the absurd situation he finds himself in and with the intention of preserving his sense of scent he kills the beautiful girl. This shows his effort to find meaning to the universe and of course a place since, humans to him, are a threat. Though tortured by the scent he continues to search the scent and this keeps his survival going- a weird way and reason to survive. This scenario creates an absurd and irrational situation whereby Grenoulle is sandwiched between the nice smell and the repugnance of human beings. He develops an even greater disgust for human as he goes through the journey in the forest to the extent of being repulsed by the scent of human of human existence. It is quite irrational and absurd how the greed to find this perfect scent drives Grenoulle into the forest. He lives for seven years in a dark cave where he was intoxicated by smells he preserves in his internal   ‘palace of smells’ His high aptitude for mixing strange and exotic perfumes would be an asset in the rational world but instead, in his apparently irrational way, he takes responsibility for creating the meaning of his own life. The skill and gift leads him to his desire to cover his own lack of smell and quest to create the most unique perfume the world has ever known.   This in essence explains the passion the protagonist lives for- creating most unique perfume- but unfortunately, a human being has to be killed for the perfume to be made. It is absurd that this passion supersedes even the life of humans. To the society, Grenoulle’s acts are unacceptable but then when he is supposed to be executed the same society becomes remorseful and throws his deeds to the dogs in the expense of the perfume. It is equally illogical or irrational for Grenoulle to be engulfed with the power of dissatisfaction because the society does not love him but his perfume; he instead ought to be celebrating! Patrick Suskind has succeeded to show that it is not right to judge individuals in the society and yet the society itself is irrational in its thinking.   Grenoulle’s situation is inexplicable to the society but he has all the justification as to do what he does. He tries to find meaning in the universe but fails. It is absurd that he becomes a murderer from being a scent smeller. He does not comprehend why he should not act in the case where his reason, his power of reflection tells him. He is being only himself by doing all he does; after all it is the same society that made him who he is by isolating him. In deed he uses his power of following his favorite scent only to find out that it is for human beings who he loathes and kills them one by one, eventually turning out to be a dangerous murderer.   This complements the fact that life is more than the rational thinking. This in essence is a case where man has chosen to embrace his absurd condition instead of following the rational thinking of the society. The protagonists in the two novels evidently show that man’s freedom and the opportunity to give life meaning lies in the acknowledgement and acceptance of absurdity. The freedom of man is therefore established in man’s natural ability and opportunity to create his own meaning and purpose. Mersault and Grenoulle, both create a world of their own and a purpose to live in it. The individual becomes the most precious unit of existence, as he represents unique ideals that can be characterized as an entire universe by itself. The two writers have succeeded in bringing out the principles of absurdism, rationalism and existentialism. They have managed to create characters that have stood out of the society by defying the societal norms. These characters enable the readers elicit some crucial questions on about their existence.   The writers manage to bring out the irrational way the society thinks of individuals who are only but living their lives. The rejection of reason as a source of meaning dominates the two works by focusing on the feelings of fear and dread -by the protagonists- that are felt in their own radical freedom and their awareness of death. The writers succeed in showing that indeed human counter their fear of being in the world by believing that they are rational and everyone else is; they do not have the anything to fear and no reason to feel anxious about being free. They make the reader to view human beings as subjects in an indifferent, objective, often ambiguous and absurd world, in which meaning is not provided by the natural order, but rather created by human being actions and interpretations. Reference Camus, A. (1983) The Outsider. Berkshire: Penguin Books Coleburt, R (1968) An Introduction to Western Philosophy. New York: Sheed & Ward Jean, P (1946) Existentialism is Humanism. London: Routledge Soren, K (1849) The Point of View of my Work as an Author. Journal [27, 1849] Suskind, P. (1985) Perfume. Berkshire: Penguin Books   

Chemical Structures Chemistry Images

Chemical Structures Chemistry Images Find chemistry photos and pictures, including molecular structures, images of glassware, gemstones, safety signs, elements, and famous scientists. Chemical Structures  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alphabetical Index of Molecular Structures - A through Z index of molecular structures.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Functional Groups - Functional groups are groups of atoms responsible for characteristic reactions in organic chemistry.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Molecular Geometry - Three-dimensional ball-and-stick representations of VSEPR molecular geometry configurations.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Amino Acids - Molecular structures of twenty natural amino acids.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chemical Reactions - Diagrams of molecules in chemical reactions.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drugs - Molecular structures and photographs of legal and illegal drugs.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Steroids - Molecular structures and photographs of the steroid hormones.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vitamins - Molecular structures of the vitamins. Elements  Ã‚  Ã‚  Element Photo Gallery - Photos of the chemical elements, primarily public domain.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elements in the Human Body - Photos of elements in the body, with descriptions of the biochemical role of the elements.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Printable Periodic Table - This is a collection of different periodic tables that you can save and print. Crystals, Minerals Gemstones  Ã‚  Ã‚  Crystal Lattices - Diagrams of the Bravais crystal lattices or space lattices.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Crystal Photo Gallery - Photos of crystals. Some are natural minerals and others are crystals that you can grow yourself.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mineral Photo Gallery - Photos of minerals. Some are in their native state. Others are polished mineral specimens.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Snow and Snowflake Photo Gallery - Water crystals are absolutely beautiful!  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sugar Crystals Rock Candy - Images of sucrose, sugar, and rock candy.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Emerald Hollow Mine - Photographs of the sluice and creek at the Emerald Hollow Mine in Hiddenite, NC, plus pictures of some of the minerals and gems found there.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hawaii Chemistry - A look at the geochemistry of Hawaii, including volcanoes and the different types of sand on the beaches. Photos of People  Ã‚  Ã‚  Famous Chemists - Photographs of scientists, inventors, and engineers who made important contributions to the field of chemistry.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nobel Prize in Chemistry - Photos of the winners of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Women in Chemistry - Photos of women who made discoveries or contributions to chemistry. Signs Symbols  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alchemy Symbols - Gallery of alchemy symbols for the elements and other matter.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Safety Signs - Collection of safety signs that you can print for your own use. Glassware Instruments  Ã‚  Ã‚  Glassware - Photographs of glassware with descriptions of how the pieces are used.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lab Equipment Instruments - Collection of photographs of different scientific instruments.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drug Paraphernalia - Items used for using or concealing illegal drugs. Other Chemistry Images  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alchemy - Learn more about alchemy and the history of chemistry.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nuclear Tests - This photo gallery showcases nuclear tests and other atomic explosions.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Science Projects - See how science projects look, then learn how to do them yourself.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Periodic Tables - Collection of different types of periodic tables of the elements.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fire Flames - Fire and flames are the visible result of combustion. Heres a look at some fire, flames, and pyrotechnics.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dry Ice Projects - This is a collection of photos of dry ice and science projects you can do using dry ice.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Free Science Fair Project Pictures - This is a collection of images that you can use for your science fair project.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fluorescence Phosphorescence - Photos and descriptions of fluorescence and phosphorescence.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lightning Plasma Photo Gallery - Photos of lightning and other electrical discharges as well as natural and manma de examples of plasma.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Science Clipart - Collection of science clipart in gif format.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Science Pictures s of different types of luminescence and materials that glow in the dark.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Spectra Spectroscopy - These are spectra and images that relate to spectroscopy.

Kuwaits Foreign Policy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Kuwaits Foreign Policy - Research Paper Example According to Robert Rothstein, Kuwait’s domestic resources are unable to provide necessary security to the people of Kuwait.3 Kuwait was interested in maximizing their independence and freedom.4 For that, it would be impossible for Kuwait to survive as a neutral country. It should be noted that America and its allies saved Kuwait from the invasion of Saddam recently. Kuwait’s foreign policy has been developed on different perspectives. Oil, Islamic Fundamentalism, Arab Nationalism, Protection from its neighbors such as Iraq and Iran are some of the basic tenants that shape Kuwait’s foreign policy. This paper briefly analyses these four basic tenants that shape Kuwait’s foreign policy It is estimated that Kuwait possesses around 8.6–9.7% of the world’s oil reserves at present.5 Oil revenues account for more than 75% of the governmental income in Kuwait. Moreover, oil constitutes almost 90% of Kuwait’s export earnings. From the above statistics, it is evident that oil revenues play a major role in the development of Kuwait. As in the case of many other Middle Eastern countries, oil has the ability to shape the politics in Kuwait. It should be noted that majority of the foreign countries, irrespective of developed or developing, are facing severe energy crisis at present. At the same time, Kuwait has abundant oil resources. Naturally, the eyes of the foreigners would definitely focus more on Kuwait even though Kuwait is only a small country. The political, social and economic developments in Kuwait will be watched curiously by the foreigners. It would be easy for the western countries to interfere in Kuwaiti politics since Kuwait is facing many threats from its neighboring countries such as Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia. Westerners are providing protection to Kuwaitis while taking oil as the fees or payment for that protection. In short,

Corrections Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Corrections - Essay Example In some cases, corporal punishment s used, but in the modern era, prison is the most desired type of punishment. This paper will look at the various forms of correctional philosophies in the prison system and various issues in correctional management. Throughout historical times most societies have been known to have some places where they hold criminals. Confinement in form of prisons is a new thing since in ancient times corporal punishment was the best kind of punishment; beheading, hanging, whipping and rack stretching to take a few examples. Early jails were overcrowded, dark and filthy and there was no separation of the inmates. In America, imprisonment was realized in 1600s after the abolishment of death penalty (Simonsen, Allen, & Latessa, 2004). The federal prison system was established to hold inmates who are sentenced to time in prison and those who await trials. It contains of prisons and detention facilities. The organizational structure of American correction systems gives the department of justice the authorization to control all operations in the system. The governor, who is the second in rank, is in charge of supervision of the activities in correctional facilities (Todd, George, & Michael, 2011). There are four directors who are mandated to supervise the legislative affairs, information, quality assurance, medical docket and public communication; all these in the attempt to make the correction system a perfect place for reformation. The hierarchy follows to the support administration in charge of matters relating to field operations, operations support, community development, and correctional facilities administrations. Under them there are junior officers who oversee research, parole, human resources, operations, and security and general inmate’s welfare. Correctional management considers several philosophies for corrections. This paper will look into five main philosophies namely, rehabilitation, restorative justice,